LANYERO Hindum studied the use of antibacterials in children under five years in rural communities of northern Uganda. She found the prevalence of antibacterial use among the under-fives to be high. The determinants of antibacterial use included getting treatment from a health facility, households located in peri-urban areas, having cough, fast breathing, and having diarrhea with ARIs. She developed a qualitative LC-MS/MS method to detect 15 commonly used antibacterials in dry blood and dry urine spots. She also reported a low validity of care-givers’ reports on the intake of antibacterial by their children prior to a healthcare facility visit. She recommends sensitization of healthcare workers and care-givers on the appropriate use of antibacterials in this age group, the risks of self-medication, and the advantages of reporting the use of antibacterials prior to a health facility visit. She further recommends the use of the LCMS/MS method by researchers carrying out similar studies. The study was funded by SIDA and was supervised by Dr. Sarah Nanzigu, Dr. Moses Ocan, and Assoc. Prof. Jaran Eriksen.